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E-Doc on Friday, October 31 @ 13:46:53 SAST
In many instances, practices do not have a window area. This is not a disadvantage
as your business is a destination visit, and people come to the practice as they have a
specific need. But for those practices who do have a large retail store with windows,
utilizing the window area to its best advantage would be of benefit.
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In many instances, practices do not have a window area. This is not a disadvantage
as your business is a destination visit, and people come to the practice as they have a
specific need. But for those practices who do have a large retail store with windows,
utilizing the window area to its best advantage would be of benefit.
E-Doc on Friday, October 31 @ 13:45:15 SAST
Dr. Barry Rafferty at Ncandu Vet, Newcastle, KZN was presented with a dog which
showed acute onset cellulitis over the ventral sternum and abdominal area. The dog was in
a state of collapse and euthanasia was requested. The gross post mortem revealed a severe
"gas gangrene" on the ventral thorax and abdominal muscles. Impression smears
and formalin fixed muscle biopsies were forwarded to the laboratory. Muscle biopsies
showed diffuse interstitial oedema and emphysema with numerous rod shaped bacteria
resembling Clostridia, in this oedematous fluid. Extensive hyaline degeneration and
necrosis of myofibres. Clostridial Fluorescent Antibody Tests of fresh impression smears
revealed positive immunofluorescence for Clostridium septicum.
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Dr. Barry Rafferty at Ncandu Vet, Newcastle, KZN was presented with a dog which
showed acute onset cellulitis over the ventral sternum and abdominal area. The dog was in
a state of collapse and euthanasia was requested. The gross post mortem revealed a severe
"gas gangrene" on the ventral thorax and abdominal muscles. Impression smears
and formalin fixed muscle biopsies were forwarded to the laboratory. Muscle biopsies
showed diffuse interstitial oedema and emphysema with numerous rod shaped bacteria
resembling Clostridia, in this oedematous fluid. Extensive hyaline degeneration and
necrosis of myofibres. Clostridial Fluorescent Antibody Tests of fresh impression smears
revealed positive immunofluorescence for Clostridium septicum.
E-Doc on Friday, October 31 @ 13:43:29 SAST
Bacterial skin infections are common in small animal veterinary practice. These
vary in severity from a transient involvement of the skin surface only to deep discharging
infections which are non-responsive to therapy and which commonly relapse. The most
frequent causal organism in bacterial skin infections in pets is Staphylococcus
intermedius. S. aureus is the species usually isolated in man. Escherichia coli and
Proteus species may also play a role in pyodermas. S. intermedius is a normal resident in
the pet - nasal cavity, oropharynx, and the perianal region. It can be a transient
resident in other sites especially if there is trauma to the area. The organism is
probably transferred to these sites from the oral and anal mucosae during grooming. A
dense hair coat has a protective effect, preventing the pathogenic bacteria from having
access to the skin. This may explain why certain pyodermas are common in glabrous areas
(e.g. impetigo in abdominal skin). Normally skin is highly resistant to colonisation by
bacteria. Inflammation of the skin results in temperature changes and increased skin
permeability. Colonisation is thus favoured which in turn results in the production of
toxins and irritants and a cycle of further inflammation, infection, etc. In subcutaneous
abscesses in cats which are usually from fighting, Pasteurella multocida is the principle
bacterium found.
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Bacterial skin infections are common in small animal veterinary practice. These
vary in severity from a transient involvement of the skin surface only to deep discharging
infections which are non-responsive to therapy and which commonly relapse. The most
frequent causal organism in bacterial skin infections in pets is Staphylococcus
intermedius. S. aureus is the species usually isolated in man. Escherichia coli and
Proteus species may also play a role in pyodermas. S. intermedius is a normal resident in
the pet - nasal cavity, oropharynx, and the perianal region. It can be a transient
resident in other sites especially if there is trauma to the area. The organism is
probably transferred to these sites from the oral and anal mucosae during grooming. A
dense hair coat has a protective effect, preventing the pathogenic bacteria from having
access to the skin. This may explain why certain pyodermas are common in glabrous areas
(e.g. impetigo in abdominal skin). Normally skin is highly resistant to colonisation by
bacteria. Inflammation of the skin results in temperature changes and increased skin
permeability. Colonisation is thus favoured which in turn results in the production of
toxins and irritants and a cycle of further inflammation, infection, etc. In subcutaneous
abscesses in cats which are usually from fighting, Pasteurella multocida is the principle
bacterium found.
E-Doc on Friday, October 31 @ 13:41:51 SAST
The normal tracheal diameter is measured by comparing the ratio of the tracheal
diameter to that of the thoracic inlet. In non-brachycephalic dogs, this should be
>0.20, whereas in brachycephalic dogs it is >0.14. Artifactual narrowing may be
because of the longus colli muscle, neck hyperextension, or oesophageal superimposition.
True narrowing may be because of tracheal hypoplasia or tracheal collapse. The latter is a
dynamic process that requires inspiratory and expiratory radiographs of the cervical and
thoracic trachea.
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The normal tracheal diameter is measured by comparing the ratio of the tracheal
diameter to that of the thoracic inlet. In non-brachycephalic dogs, this should be
>0.20, whereas in brachycephalic dogs it is >0.14. Artifactual narrowing may be
because of the longus colli muscle, neck hyperextension, or oesophageal superimposition.
True narrowing may be because of tracheal hypoplasia or tracheal collapse. The latter is a
dynamic process that requires inspiratory and expiratory radiographs of the cervical and
thoracic trachea.
